Nucleus – Structure and Functions (Multiple Choice Answers)
- What is the primary function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?
- a) Energy production
- b) Protein synthesis
- c) Genetic information storage and control
- d) Cell movement
**Correct Answer: c) Genetic information storage and control**
- What is the role of the nuclear envelope in the nucleus?
- a) Maintaining cell shape
- b) Controlling protein synthesis
- c) Separating the nucleus from the cytoplasm
- d) Facilitating cell division
**Correct Answer: c) Separating the nucleus from the cytoplasm**
- What is the primary component of chromatin in the nucleus?
- a) Lipids
- b) DNA
- c) Proteins
- d) Carbohydrates
**Correct Answer: b) DNA**
- What happens during the "resting" state of a cell regarding chromosomes?
- a) They disappear
- b) Organise into long, entangled structures called chromatin
- c) Divide into individual chromosomes
- d) Move to the cell membrane
**Correct Answer: b) Organise into long, entangled structures called chromatin**
- Which structure connects the nuclear envelope to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
- a) Nucleoplasm
- b) Nucleolus
- c) Nuclear envelope
- d) Chromatin
**Correct Answer: c) Nuclear envelope**
- What is the primary function of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope?
- a) Synthesising proteins
- b) Controlling cell growth
- c) Regulating the flow of molecules into and out of the nucleus
- d) Organising chromosomes
**Correct Answer: c) Regulating the flow of molecules into and out of the nucleus**
- In which part of the cell does the nucleolus produce ribosomes?
- a) Cytoplasm
- b) Nucleolus
- c) Endoplasmic reticulum
- d) Nuclear envelope
**Correct Answer: a) Cytoplasm**
- What is the primary shape of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
- a) Square
- b) Rectangular
- c) Round
- d) Triangular
**Correct Answer: c) Round**
- Which molecule is responsible for carrying energy within cells?
- a) DNA
- b) ATP
- c) RNA
- d) Proteins
**Correct Answer: b) ATP**
- What does phosphorylation involve in a cell?
- a) Energy release
- b) Adding a phosphate group to a molecule
- c) Breaking down nucleotides
- d) Stopping cell growth
**Correct Answer: b) Adding a phosphate group to a molecule**
- Which organelle is commonly the most prominent in a eukaryotic cell?
- a) Golgi apparatus
- b) Nucleus
- c) Mitochondrion
- d) Endoplasmic reticulum
**Correct Answer: b) Nucleus**
- What does the nucleoplasm refer to in the nucleus?
- a) Gelatinous substance
- b) Membrane
- c) Gelatinous substance within the nuclear envelope
- d) Nucleolus
**Correct Answer: c) Gelatinous substance within the nuclear envelope**
- Which type of sugar is part of the structure of RNA?
- a) Glucose
- b) Ribose
- c) Fructose
- d) Sucrose
**Correct Answer: b) Ribose**
- What is the primary function of nucleic acids in living organisms?
- a) Energy production
- b) Cell movement
- c) Storage and transmission of genetic information
- d) Protein synthesis
**Correct Answer: c) Storage and transmission of genetic information**
- What does chromatin consist of in the nucleus?
- a) Proteins
- b) DNA
- c) Lipids
- d) Carbohydrates
- What is the shape of chromosomes when a cell is not dividing?
- a) Circular
- b) Square
- c) Long entangled structures called chromatin
- d) Oval
**Correct Answer: c) Long entangled structures called chromatin**
- What is the nucleolus's role in the nucleus?
- a) Separating genetic material
- b) Controlling cell growth
- c) Producing ribosomes
- d) Synthesising proteins
**Correct Answer: c) Producing ribosomes**
- What is the connection between the nuclear envelope and the endoplasmic reticulum?
- a) They are not connected
- b) The nuclear envelope is inside the ER
- c) The internal compartment of the nuclear envelope is continuous with the lumen of the ER
- d) The ER surrounds the nuclear envelope
**Correct Answer: c) The internal compartment of the nuclear envelope is continuous with the lumen of the ER**
- What is the primary function of RNA in a cell?
- a) Energy storage
- b) Carrying genetic instructions from DNA to protein synthesis machinery
- c) Storing hereditary material
- d) Regulating cell growth
**Correct Answer: b) Carrying genetic instructions from DNA to protein synthesis machinery**
- What is the role of ATP in a cell?
- a) Storing genetic information
- b) Forming the nuclear envelope
- c) Carrying energy within cells
- d) Regulating protein synthesis
**Correct Answer: c) Carrying energy within cells**