Nucleus – Structure and Functions (Multiple Choice Answers)

  1. What is the primary function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?
  1. a) Energy production  
  2. b) Protein synthesis  
  3. c) Genetic information storage and control  
  4. d) Cell movement

**Correct Answer: c) Genetic information storage and control**


  1. What is the role of the nuclear envelope in the nucleus?
  1. a) Maintaining cell shape  
  2. b) Controlling protein synthesis  
  3. c) Separating the nucleus from the cytoplasm  
  4. d) Facilitating cell division

**Correct Answer: c) Separating the nucleus from the cytoplasm**


  1. What is the primary component of chromatin in the nucleus?
  1. a) Lipids  
  2. b) DNA  
  3. c) Proteins  
  4. d) Carbohydrates

**Correct Answer: b) DNA**


  1. What happens during the "resting" state of a cell regarding chromosomes?
  1. a) They disappear  
  2. b) Organise into long, entangled structures called chromatin  
  3. c) Divide into individual chromosomes  
  4. d) Move to the cell membrane

**Correct Answer: b) Organise into long, entangled structures called chromatin**

 

  1. Which structure connects the nuclear envelope to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
  1. a) Nucleoplasm  
  2. b) Nucleolus  
  3. c) Nuclear envelope  
  4. d) Chromatin

**Correct Answer: c) Nuclear envelope**


  1. What is the primary function of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope?
  1. a) Synthesising proteins  
  2. b) Controlling cell growth  
  3. c) Regulating the flow of molecules into and out of the nucleus  
  4. d) Organising chromosomes

**Correct Answer: c) Regulating the flow of molecules into and out of the nucleus**


  1. In which part of the cell does the nucleolus produce ribosomes?
  1. a) Cytoplasm  
  2. b) Nucleolus  
  3. c) Endoplasmic reticulum  
  4. d) Nuclear envelope

**Correct Answer: a) Cytoplasm**


  1. What is the primary shape of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
  1. a) Square  
  2. b) Rectangular  
  3. c) Round  
  4. d) Triangular

**Correct Answer: c) Round**


  1. Which molecule is responsible for carrying energy within cells?
  1. a) DNA  
  2. b) ATP  
  3. c) RNA  
  4. d) Proteins

**Correct Answer: b) ATP**


  1. What does phosphorylation involve in a cell?
  1. a) Energy release  
  2. b) Adding a phosphate group to a molecule  
  3. c) Breaking down nucleotides  
  4. d) Stopping cell growth

**Correct Answer: b) Adding a phosphate group to a molecule**


  1. Which organelle is commonly the most prominent in a eukaryotic cell?
  1. a) Golgi apparatus  
  2. b) Nucleus  
  3. c) Mitochondrion  
  4. d) Endoplasmic reticulum

**Correct Answer: b) Nucleus**


  1. What does the nucleoplasm refer to in the nucleus?
  1. a) Gelatinous substance  
  2. b) Membrane  
  3. c) Gelatinous substance within the nuclear envelope  
  4. d) Nucleolus

**Correct Answer: c) Gelatinous substance within the nuclear envelope**

 

  1. Which type of sugar is part of the structure of RNA?
  1. a) Glucose  
  2. b) Ribose  
  3. c) Fructose  
  4. d) Sucrose

**Correct Answer: b) Ribose**


  1. What is the primary function of nucleic acids in living organisms?
  1. a) Energy production  
  2. b) Cell movement  
  3. c) Storage and transmission of genetic information  
  4. d) Protein synthesis

**Correct Answer: c) Storage and transmission of genetic information**


  1. What does chromatin consist of in the nucleus?
  1. a) Proteins  
  2. b) DNA  
  3. c) Lipids  
  4. d) Carbohydrates

  1. What is the shape of chromosomes when a cell is not dividing?
  1. a) Circular  
  2. b) Square  
  3. c) Long entangled structures called chromatin  
  4. d) Oval

**Correct Answer: c) Long entangled structures called chromatin**


  1. What is the nucleolus's role in the nucleus?
  1. a) Separating genetic material  
  2. b) Controlling cell growth  
  3. c) Producing ribosomes  
  4. d) Synthesising proteins

**Correct Answer: c) Producing ribosomes**


  1. What is the connection between the nuclear envelope and the endoplasmic reticulum?
  1. a) They are not connected  
  2. b) The nuclear envelope is inside the ER  
  3. c) The internal compartment of the nuclear envelope is continuous with the lumen of the ER  
  4. d) The ER surrounds the nuclear envelope

**Correct Answer: c) The internal compartment of the nuclear envelope is continuous with the lumen of the ER**


  1. What is the primary function of RNA in a cell?
  1. a) Energy storage  
  2. b) Carrying genetic instructions from DNA to protein synthesis machinery  
  3. c) Storing hereditary material  
  4. d) Regulating cell growth

**Correct Answer: b) Carrying genetic instructions from DNA to protein synthesis machinery**


  1. What is the role of ATP in a cell?
  1. a) Storing genetic information  
  2. b) Forming the nuclear envelope  
  3. c) Carrying energy within cells  
  4. d) Regulating protein synthesis

**Correct Answer: c) Carrying energy within cells**

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